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基礎漢字教室 Basic Chinese Masterclass (1) | 漢字常識 | 思展

基礎漢字教室 Basic Chinese Masterclass (1)

基礎漢字教室 Basic Chinese Masterclass (1)

 

每星期,思展各大社交平台 (@sagebooksHK) 與讀者分享點點滴滴的漢字常識,中英對照。家長和小朋友都可以一起學習喔。

這裏是過去一季的總覽。

Every week, on Sagebooks Hongkong’s social media platforms (@sagebooksHK) feature bite-size Chinese lessons, bilingual in Chinese and English. We welcome parents and children come and learn together.

Here is a summary of what has been featured in the past season.

基礎漢字教室 說明 Notes on this masterclass

  • 這個 基礎漢字教室 為每個漢字提供兩個組詞,其中的特色是:第一個詞語由學習的重點漢字為首,第二個詞語那重點漢字在尾
  • 這些漢字以及所有組詞舉例所用的漢字,都在基礎漢字500課程中教授,孩子逐一學習,可以有效增進詞彙量和應用。
  • 每個漢字的例句都取自課程中的課文,從啟蒙級到實力級適當挑選。課程各課文有大量例句,都以孩子已學會認讀的漢字所組成。
  • 以下一共13個漢字的學習。
  • Two examples of words are provided for each character of interest. The focus of these two words are: in the first word, the character of interest is at the start. In the second word, that character is at the end.
  • All the characters used, including those in the word examples, are taken from Basic Chinese 500 course. Together, they improve the child’s vocabulary, comprehension and application.
  • All the sample sentences are taken from the course, from Beginning Reader to Fluent Reader. There are still many more sample sentences in the course, all written using characters that the child has learnt.
  • Below are the 13 Chinese characters in this masterlass.
〖老〗/lǎo/

「老」字,既可以表示年歲大、時間長;又可以用於某些名詞的前綴,例如:老師、老虎、老鼠……

老 can be used for someone who’s aged, or long time. It can also be used as a prefix of some words, such as 老師、老虎、老鼠……

詞組學習:
  1. 老師 /lǎo shī/ – teacher
  2. 長老 /zhǎng lǎo/ – elder
句式例子:
  1. 這隻老鼠不會說話。
  2. 我看着老太太在笑。
〖放〗/fàng/

「放」字和其他漢字有點不同:老的部首在右邊,音部是左邊的「方」。

放 is different from many other characters in the way that its bu-shou (radical) is on the right side. The left side indicates its pronunciation.

詞組學習:
  1. 放心 /fàng xīn/ – to feel relieved
  2. 開放 /kāi fàng/ – to open
句式例子:
  1. 我回家就把書放好。
  2. 我們放假就去農村玩。
〖常〗/cháng/

在古代,「常」是量詞,用於長度單位;至到現今,「常」可以是形容詞或副詞。

In ancient time, 常 was used as a classifier for length. Nowadays, 常 is used as an adjective or adverb.

詞組學習:
  1. 常見 /cháng jiàn/ – commonly seen
  2. 日常 /rì cháng/ – everyday
句式例子:
  1. 春天經常會下雨。
  2. 哈哈!他非常開心。
〖行〗/xíng/

「行」字是個多音字,有時候可以讀 /xíng/,有時候可以讀 /háng/。

There are two pronunciations for 行: /xíng/ and /háng/.

詞組學習:
  1. 行動 /xíng dòng/ – action
  2. 平行 /píng xíng/ – parallel
句式例子:
  1. 行啦,做成雪人啦!
  2. 有些街道上只有行人。
〖苦〗/kǔ/

「苦」可以形容味道,也可以形容感覺。

苦 can be used to describe taste or feelings.

詞組學習:
  1. 苦頭 /kǔ tóu/ – sufferings
  2. 訴苦 /sù kǔ/ – to complain
句式例子:
  1. 不喜歡吃苦的東西。
  2. 小姑娘不再傷心痛苦了。
〖出〗/chū/

「出」字可以用作為動詞、名詞和副詞,是一個常見且常用的字。
除了我們的示範,還可以考考孩子會如何使用「出」字?相信會得到更多的詞彙組合喔!

出 can be a verb, a noun, or an adverb. It is one of the most used characters.

詞組學習:
  1. 出現 /chū xiàn/ – appear
  2. 日出 /rì chū/ – sunrise
句式例子:
  1. 妹妹很想出去玩。
  2. 只有小貓在晚上出來。
〖知〗/zhī/

古時候,「知」字同「智」字意思相通,有「智慧」之義。時至現今,「知」可用作動詞,解為明白或了解;也可用作名詞,解為知識或學問,可見依舊與「智慧」息息相關。

In ancient times, 知 had the meaning of “wisdom” and it could be interchangeable with 智. Nowadays, 知 can be a verb, meaning to know or understand. It can also be a noun, meaning “knowledge”. It is still related to “wisdom” in a sense.

詞組學習:
  1. 知道 /zhī dào/ – to know
  2. 先知 /xiān zhī/ – prophet
句式例子:
  1. 烏鴉知道小貓在後面嗎?
  2. 「你知道快要下雨了嗎?」
〖然〗/rán/

「然」字在連接詞中很是常見,日常用句中經常會用到。

然 is a very commonly used character in many conjunctions.

詞組學習:
  1. 然後 /rán hòu/ – afterwards
  2. 當然 /dāng rán/ – certainly
句式例子:
  1. 秋天的大自然非常美麗!
  2. 好心婆婆忽然就出現了。
〖定〗/dìng/

「定」字有不變之意,不管是用在名詞、形容詞或是動詞上亦然。

定 means “does not change”. Whether it is used as a noun, a verb, or an adjective, this meaning remains the same.

詞組學習:
  1. 定期 /dìng qī/ – at regular intervals
  2. 一定 /yī dìng/ – surely
句式例子:
  1. 這座山上一定有大樹。
  2. 我有好吃的一定和妹妹分。
〖信〗/xìn/

「信」以人之誠實有關,人言就是信。「信」用作名詞是我們把想說的話寫下來;「信」用作動詞,是我們接受了別人的話。所以你信了嗎?

信, written as “person” and “speech”, relates to someone’s honesty and credit. As a noun, it means putting our thoughts into written forms. As a verb, it means to believe.

詞組學習:
  1. 信心 /xìn xīn/ – confidence
  2. 書信 /shū xìn/ – letter
句式例子:
  1. 我要寫信給表哥。
  2. 一大包的信看起來很重。
〖本〗/běn/

「本」是指事字,「木」多一劃在古時用以指出草木之根,後又有事物根源之意。

The character 本 originated from 木 (wood), it initially meant the root of trees or plants. Now it also refers to the origin of things and matters.

詞組學習:
  1. 本來 /běn lái/ – originally
  2. 書本 /shū běn/ – books
句式例子:
  1. 我手裏有一本書。
  2. 我給你一本書。
〖空〗/kōng/

「空」含什麼都沒有或是虛無之意,是一個非常常用的,不管是在名詞或形容詞都會出現的字。

空 means empty, or “nothingness”. It’s a very commonly used character that can form nouns and adjectives.

詞組學習:
  1. 空氣 /kōng qì/ – air
  2. 半空 /bàn kōng/ – midair
句式例子:
  1. 早上的空氣多麼好。
  2. 小鳥在天空中追雲。
〖話〗/huà/

「話」是指用聲音表達出來的內容,一般和說話有關的詞彙都會用到「話」字。

話 is the content that we expressed when we speak, and is frequently used in words that relates to speech or sayings.

詞組學習:
  1. 話別 /huà bié/ – to say good-bye
  2. 冷話 /lěng huà/ – sarcasm
句式例子:
  1. 我有事要打電話找你。
  2. 小蜜蜂記住了媽媽的話。

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