部首遊戲：七大家族 Chinese radicals game: 7 Families

希望我們在這裏分享的各種遊戲能帶給孩子學習的歡樂，也帶給你更多的家庭教學靈感。大家發到【講媽 ⦁ 講爸】Facebook 群組的孩子學習照片為我們帶來很大的鼓舞。要是你還未加入我們的大家庭，那就要趕快去看看喔！

We hope you have been finding these activities and tips helpful and fun. We certainly have been enjoying your pictures and feedback in our Sagebooks HK Parent Support Facebook Group. If you haven’t checked us out there yet, please take a quick second to join!

中文，無論是哪種方言，都有很多同音字。這難免就會帶來誤寫、誤解的問題。

一種常見的情況是當我們碰上名字，不管是人的姓名、商店名、街道或大廈的名字，因為沒有上文下理可循，我們就必須問清楚：到底是哪個字？

要是英文或其他字母語言，一般都會要求：「請您拼出來。」

那中文，要是你要告訴人家「hú」字，你要怎樣說清楚到底是哪個字呢？

這時，漢字的部首和部件就派上用場了。我們會說：古月「胡」，或是米字旁的「糊」、三點水的「湖」… 這樣一說，很容易就能懂了。

當你一時想不起一個字該怎麼寫的時候，部首和部件也可以成為一種提醒。例如

你問：yì 思的 yì 要怎麼寫？
朋友：哦… 「立」字下面一個「曰」，再下面是一個「心」。

你就會知道：是「意」。

你再問：kū 字怎麼寫呢？
朋友：並排兩個「口」，下面一個「犬」字。 (哭)

所以，熟練漢字部件有很大的實用價值。
以下介紹的遊戲「七大家族」，能加深小朋友對漢字部首的掌握喔。

There are many homophonic characters in Chinese, regardless of dialect. This can cause confusion or miswriting, especially when it concerns names, be it the name of a person, a shop, a street or a building. In this case, there is no context for us to guess which character would be the right one, and it is important that we know exactly how it is written.

In English, or any other language that uses an alphabet, it would be easy to ask for the spelling of a word.

In Chinese, if you were told it’s the character / hú/, how do you ask exactly which /hú/ it is?

This is the time when bushou and bujian (common part) come in handy. Often, you would be told that it is 古 – 月「胡」, or the one with the 米 bushou, or the one with the 三點水 bushou. This usually is enough for instant clarification.

Bujian can also be helpful when you have forgotten how a character should be written and you need to ask for help. For example:

YOU: How do you write /yì/ as in /yì si/ (meaning)?
Friend: Oh, first you write a 立, then a 曰 beneath, then a 心 at the bottom.

You will know it’s written as 意.

Another example:

YOU: How do you write /kū/ (to cry)?
Friend: Two 口 side by side, then a 犬 underneath them. (哭)

ACTIVITY OF THE WEEK

ACTIVITIY 1 - 七大家族 Seven Families
(age 3+, multiple player)

七大家族原本是法國的一個傳統卡牌遊戲。我們將它改編成配合思展方程式課程的部首遊戲。

7 Families is a traditional French card game. We have adapted it to the Sage Formula course to help children to practice bushou.

WHAT YOU NEED 道具

閱讀練習卡 Study Cards

HOW TO MAKE 準備

選定7個不同部首，每個部首從每級取出一個字，共35張字卡。(七個部首家族，每個家族有5個顏色成員。) Choose 7 different bushous. For each bushou, pick out 5 character cards, one from each level. You should have a total of 35 cards. (7 Bushou families, each has 5 members which are the 5 colours of the levles.)
如要防止孩子利用卡背的顏色標記或拼音出貓，可以用和紙貼之類將它們先遮掩起來。You might want to cover up the colour markings or pinyin at the back of the cards, such as with washi tape, to prevent cheating.
下表為你提供了12個部首的參考。The table below shows you an example, with 12 bushous.

部首家族	啟蒙級 - 藍色	萌芽級 - 綠色	躍進級 - 橙色	信心級 - 桃色	實力級 - 紅色
亻	你	住	候	件	伸
土	地	坐	塊 (块)	壞 (坏)	場 (场)
女	媽 (妈)	她	娃	姑	姨
氵	沒	河	游	流	汗
忄	快	怕	忙	悄	怪
心	想	心	怎	急	忽
木	樹 (树)	樣 (样)	橋 (桥)	枝	校
口	喝	叫	嘴	哈	味
扌	把	找	捉	採	握
目	看	真	眼	直	相
廿 (繁體)	花	葉 (叶*)	藍 (蓝)	菜	藏
月 (簡體)	朋	月	望	背*	期

心部有兩種寫法：在左旁的是「豎心旁」，在底下的是「心字底」。
「葉」的簡體是 [叶]，不屬 [艸 (艹)] 部。這個部首要視乎繁/簡體才能玩這遊戲。
「背」的繁體屬 [肉] 部，不屬 [月] 部。這個部首要視乎繁/簡體才能玩這遊戲。

HOW TO PLAY 玩法

每人派7張卡。餘下的卡牌疊成一份，字面向下，放在中間。
第一個孩子 (甲) 向任何另一個孩子取卡。甲必須說明要哪個部首的哪個顏色的卡，例如：「我要提手旁家族的藍色卡。」
(a) 要是被問的孩子有那張卡，就把卡交出給甲收藏；(b) 要是被問的孩子沒有那張卡，甲就從中間的卡堆中取最上面的一張卡。如果甲取到的卡正是他要索取的那張，甲必須喊「碰！」讓大家知道。
(a) 不管甲是從別人處得到或是從中間的卡堆中抽到他所要的卡，他都可以繼續向另一人以同樣方式要求再取一張卡；(b) 如果甲未能得到他要的那張卡，就輪到下一個孩子以相同方式取他需要的卡。
當有人集齊了同一個部首的5張顏色卡，就完成了一個部首家族。他要把那個部首家族的5張卡公開排在自己面前。所有人繼續遊戲。
當所有的卡都組成了部首家族，遊戲就結束了。
組成最多部首家族的孩子勝出。

Each person gets 7 cards. Put the remaining cards in a stack, face (character side) down, in the centre.
Player 1 asks any other player for 1 card, specifying the colour and the bushou Family, e.g.: “I want the blue card from the X Family”.
(a) If the player they asked has the card, s/he will give it to Player 1. (b) If the other player does not have the card, Player 1 will draw one card from the centre stack. Player 1 should call out “Got it” if the drawn card is exactly the one s/he asks for.
(a) If Player 1 gets the card they asked for, whether it is from a player or a stack, they can play again and ask for another card. (b) If they do not, it is the next player’s turn to ask for a card.
A Family is formed when a player collects all 5 coloured cards of the same bushou. The player lays the completed Family down in front of them. All players continue to play.
The game ends when all the cards have been used to form all of the Families.
The one with most Families wins.

ALTERNATIVE WAYS TO PLAY 玩法變化

視乎孩子的情況，你可以增加以下的活動：

Depending on the age of your child, you can increase or decrease the difficulty level of the activity by:

年紀小的孩子，或是只學到某一級的孩子，每個部首的選字酌量減少。例如：只用頭2級的字 (14張) / 頭3級的字 (21張)…
孩子年紀小、人數少、時間不足…，也可以減少部首的數目。
可以請每個孩子將自己組成的部首家族中的字逐一讀出來，作為練習。

If your children are very young or are only up to the first few levels, reduce the number of cards for each bushou, and limit to only the levels they have learnt.
Reduce the number of bushou families if your children are very young, or if there are only 2-3 players, or if there is not enough time.
You could ask each child to read out the characters in the bushou families they have formed.

熱身遊戲 ACTIVITIES TO WARM UP

我們特意為剛開始學習的小朋友設計了以下的兩款熱身遊戲。

We have designed 2 warm up activities for children who are just starting out.

(熱身一) 部首大風吹
(age 3+, multiple player)

WHAT YOU NEED 道具

閱讀練習卡 Study Cards

HOW TO MAKE 準備

選 2-7 張屬同一部首的字卡 + 1 張不同部首的字卡。
Choose 2-7 characters of a same bushou, plus 1 character of a different bushou.

HOW TO PLAY 玩法

將字卡(最少2張相同部首+1張不同部首)都排在孩子面前。
請孩子將不同部首的那張取走。

Lay the study cards (at least 2 of the same bushou + 1 of a different bushou) in front of your child.
Ask your child to pick out the one with a different bushou.

ALTERNATIVE WAYS TO PLAY 玩法變化

視乎孩子的情況，你可以增加以下的活動：

Depending on the age of your child, you can increase or decrease the difficulty level of the activity by:

年幼的孩子開始時減少字卡的數目。
年長或已掌握字數多的孩子可以增加字卡數目。
年長或能力強的孩子，可以選幾個不同部首的字，每個部首有2個以上的字，再加一個單獨屬於一個部首的字 (例如：好/妹/她 3張女部, 你/住 2張人部, 紅/給/綠 3張糸部, 然後只選一個 [河] 字屬水部)，請孩子將不能與別的字成組的那張選出來。

If your child is very young or is just starting out, use fewer cards.
If your child is older and knows more characters, use more cards.
If your child is older and knows more characters, you can also include 2+ cards of different bushous, plus 1 card of a bushou on its own (e.g. 好/妹/她 which are 女 bushou, 你/住 which are 人 bushou, 紅/給/綠 which are 糸 bushou, then 河 which is 水 bushou but is on its own here). Ask your child to pick out the odd one.

(熱身二)跟領袖 Follow the leader
(age 3+, 2人以上遊戲 multiple player)

WHAT YOU NEED 道具

閱讀練習卡 Study Cards

HOW TO MAKE 準備

選幾張字卡作為部首卡。(例如：木/口/女/手/人/水/心。) 洗均勻由你拿着。Choose several bushou cards (e.g. 木/口/女/手/人/水/心). Shuffle them and keep them with you.
按你所選的部首卡，每個部首選幾張字卡。(總數量可以是人數的5倍)。Following the bushou of what you have chosen, pick out several cards for each bushou. The total number of cards can be 5 times of the number of children.

HOW TO PLAY 玩法

由你翻出一張部首卡，孩子在字卡堆中選出一個同部首的字。
要是孩子選對，那張字卡屬他。
你翻出另一張部首卡，由下一名孩子繼續。
要是與你翻出的部首相同的字已被取光，你再翻另一個部首讓孩子找。
大家輪流直到取光所有字卡。
最後最多字卡在手的孩子勝出。

You deal 1 bushou card. The first child finds a character with the same bushou from the chosen cards.
The child keeps the card if it is correct.
You deal another bushou card. The next child finds a character with the same bushou.
If there is no more of the character of the same bushou, you can deal another bushou card ask the child to look again.
The children take turns until all the cards have been taken.
The one with the most cards wins.

ALTERNATIVE WAYS TO PLAY 玩法變化

視乎孩子的情況，你可以增加以下的活動：

Depending on the age of your child, you can increase or decrease the difficulty level of the activity by:

年幼的孩子開始時減少字卡的數目。
年長或已掌握字數多的孩子可以增加字卡數目。

If your child is very young or is just starting out, use fewer cards.
If your child is older and knows more characters, use more cards.

我們希望能看到你的孩子做這些遊戲的照片或影片，也希望能聽到你的意見或提問。更歡迎加入我們的【講媽 ⦁ 講爸】Facebook 群組，我們等你喔~

We would love to hear your comments and see pictures of your kids doing the activities. Make sure you join our Sagebooks HK Parent Support Facebook Group and share with us!