Sagebooks APP 五招提升語文學習 – 書寫篇

5 Tips to boost your child's language learning with Sagebooks APP, part 3 of 4 - Writing

Must read if you're a non-native Putonghua speaker

思展圖書推出的Sagebooks APP，簡單易用，一個家長能同時管理多個孩子賬號，為每個孩子整理他們獨有的流程，每天提示每個孩子當天應學習的課文。有了最好的學習好幫手，再配上高招秘訣，就可以如虎添翼了。

這個系列的四篇文章，我們將與你分享獨家內幕情報，徹底幫你協助孩子全面提升「聽、讀、寫、閱」的能力。

Sagebooks APP is simple and easy to use. With a single parent’s account you can manage multiple children’s accounts, tailor each individual study plan to their unique needs, and get reminder of each child’s progress and plan of the day. In the coming weeks, we will share with you some insider tips to help you best utilise the APPs functions so you can help your child step up in their listening, reading aloud, writing, and reading.

In this post, we will look at ways to help your child to WRITE.

就孩子的識字和書寫表達，按孩子的心智發展，大致上可以分為四個時期：

預識字期 – 還未正式識字，這個階段的孩子會隨機地塗鴉，是孩子自我表現的開始。
萌芽期 – 開始意思到文字的獨特性，感受到文字有別於其他的圖案、符號或照片。這階段的塗鴉開始受控制，孩子會進行較為有意識的塗鴉。
過度期 – 孩子的塗鴉會有重複出現的圖案，甚至可以說帶有自己的風格，有些家長能辨認得出自己孩子的塗鴉。
流暢期 – 孩子能開始書寫了

然而，中文的書寫和英文或其他拉丁系語言有很大的差異。因此，漢字為母語的孩子的書寫發展階段和英語孩子的發展不完全一樣。經過研究者在對大量漢語兒童的早期書寫作品進行觀察和分析後，結合總結出漢語兒童早期書寫發展的以下七個階段：

無意義的塗鴉
有結構的線條
簡單的曲線和符號 (包括數字、英文字母、箭頭等)
以圖畫或其他簡單的字替代目標漢字
像字而非字的符號，抽象的漢字字形
有一些「小錯誤」但十分接近正確漢字字形的書寫
基本符合規範的漢字字形

一般來說，4歲半以下的孩子普遍不能按漢字筆順書寫。即使5歲左右，也只有一小部分孩子可以做到按筆順書寫。到了6歲，大部分的孩子都可以做到了。

如果家中是雙語環境，孩子大多先能寫拉丁字母。在上述的第四階段開始，可以見到孩子以拉丁字母代替目標漢字。年紀稍大、說普通話的雙語孩子常會以拼音代替不會寫的漢字。

我們並不鼓勵年幼的孩子太早執筆書寫，因為握筆控制取決於孩子的肌肉和大腦的發展和成熟，並不反映孩子的智力發展。過早催谷，會令孩子產生挫敗感，造成心理陰影。與其強迫要孩子過早達到正確書寫，不如引發孩子發自內心的書寫慾望和動機，那才是最重要。

It is commonly recognised that there are 4 periods in a child’s development of writing:

Preliterate writing – the child has not started to read. This period is characterised by random scribbling. The child is starting to express themselves.
Emergent writing – the child started to notice that writings are different from other forms of drawings or images, that they carry meanings. Their scribbling become more controlled and with a purpose.
Transitional writing – repeated patterns can be found in the child’s scribbling. Some might even develop certain “style”. Some parents can recognise which are their children’s scribbling.
Fluent writing – the child starts to write.

We should be aware that writing in Chinese is significantly different from writing in other languages that use alphabets. We have looked closely at the development of writing in children whose mother tongue is Chinese and found that the developments are not entirely the same. Upon much observation and analysis, a seven-stage writing development was be drawn:

Random scribbling.
Structured lines.
Simple curves and signs, including numbers, Roman letters, arrows.
Drawings and other simplified characters in the place of target characters.
Some abstract Chinese characters that are made up of signs that resemble Chinese writing.
Writings that closely resemble correct Chinese characters, albeit some mistakes.
Largely correct Chinese characters.

Children under 4 ½ in general cannot follow the stroke writing sequence to writing Chinese characters. Only some of the 5-year-olds can follow the correct sequence. By 6 years old, however, most children can write in correct sequence.

In bilingual families, it’s common for children to start writing in alphabets. At stage 4 above, children can often be seen to substitute Chinese character with Roman letters. Even older, bilingual children often use pinyin in the place of Chinese character they don’t know how to write.

We should not push children to start writing too soon. The ability to hold a pen and control their writing rely on the development and maturity of a child’s brain and muscle. It doesn’t reflect a child’s IQ. Premature pressure from parents would result in failure which could cast mental shadow on the child. Instead, try to cultivate in your child a desire to express themselves in writing so they are motivated to write.

在孩子整個發展書寫的過程中，首先應要令孩子感興趣，樂意頻密操練，促進肌肉和控制的發展和成熟。Sagebooks APP的功能，能令孩子感到書寫是一種有意義的遊戲活動。以下是五招善用Sagebooks APP的方法。

Once your child is ready to start writing, ample practice would be needed to develop and train their muscles and coordination. You could use the Sagebooks APP’s functions to turn writing into meaningful activities and games. Try the 5 tips below.

I. 同時多渠道學習 Multi-channel Learning

每課課文第一頁都有一個大型九宮格空心字，是該課的生字。這個大型空心字有很重要的存在價值。首先，讓孩子一面聽着APP裏的音頻 (可以重複播放多次)，同時讓孩子以食指頭描摹空心字。這是很重要的學習過程，因為能同時為大腦帶來三個渠道的神經刺激：聽覺、視覺、觸覺。食指頭是身體最敏感的部位之一，年幼的孩子正是靠手指去學習認識世界。視乎孩子的發展，你可以引導孩子正確的筆順，但在這階段並不重要。

其次，讓孩子用自己喜愛的顏色為空心字着色。這樣一來，空心字變成了彩色字，整個過程進一步增加了孩子對生字的記憶。(塗色的時候可以播放全課文作為背景音效，讓孩子浸淫在課文環境中。)

填色後，可以利用Sagebooks APP的拍照功能，上載存檔。

On the first page of each lesson is an enlarged character written in white in the 9-square grid. That’s the character of the lesson and it’s there for significant purposes. First, play the audio clip of the lesson for your child (let it loop multiple times). At the same time, ask your child to trace the character with their index finger. This is an important step in learning as it stimulates 3 areas of the brain simultaneously: audio, visual, tactile. Our index fingertip is one of the most sensitive parts of our body. Young children naturally gets to know the world through their fingers. Depending on your child, you could guide your child to follow the correct writing sequence. But it’s not important at this stage.

Then, ask your child to colour the character. In this way, the colouring process reinforce your child’s memory of the character and the resulting colour forms an additional visual impact. Play the audio of the lesson while your child is colouring so they can be totally immersed in the language environment.

II.《書法基本功》Chinese Penmanship

《書法基本功》隨「學習錦囊」免費贈送，專供信心級、實力級的小朋友練習基本漢字筆畫和常用部首。將孩子的書寫練習利用APP功能拍照，上載存檔。

Chinese Penmanship comes with the Bonus Pack (free from Sagebooks online shop with the full set of Basic Chinese 500). It is created especially for children who are on Confident and Fluent Readers. There are the basic writing strokes and commonly used radicals. Take photos of your child’s practice with the App’s function, and upload to your child’s portfolio in the APP.

III. 《寫得好看》Write NOW

《寫得好看》是配合《基礎漢字500》的書寫練習。當孩子能握筆書寫時，從啟蒙級第一課開始，一面練習寫字、一面溫習語文。每冊都以「運筆熱身」開始。將孩子做的熱身練習或書寫練習利用APP功能拍下照來，上載存檔。

Write Now is the writing practice that follow the Basic Chinese curriculum. Wait until your child is ready to write, then start from Beginning Reader. The child will practice writing, revise and learn language at the same time. There are warm-up exercises for writing at the beginning of each book. Take photos of your child’s writing, and upload to your child’s portfolio.

《寫得好看》的相關文章有更多書寫練習和語文學習的方法介紹，歡迎參閱：

For more information and tips to practice writing and to learn more Chinese, please read the following posts:

IV. 基礎寫作練習 Basic Writing Practice

寫字，是書寫的基層定義。寫作是書寫的另一層次。但這兩個層面不一定要按這樣的次序。未會握筆的孩子同樣可以進行寫作練習：就從造句開始吧。

基礎訓練：利用《閱讀練習卡》，可以「抄寫」課文句子，也可以自己造句，然後利用APP功能拍照，上載存檔。這樣可以輕易地將孩子的精彩造句保留記錄，日後翻看可以更感自豪喔。

There are two levels of writing: penmanship and redaction. Penmanship isn’t a prerequisite of redaction. If your child is not ready to write on paper, they could still practice forming sentences.

Basic training: Ask your child to use Study Card to “copy” sentences from the lesson, or write their own sentences. Remember to take a photo of their sentences and save to the APP. This way you can easily keep a record of the sentences that your child has written. You and your child can look back every now and then to see their progress. They form great memories too.

V. 更多語文活動 More Language Activities

參照思展部落格豐富的書寫、造句、填色及其他語文活動，每天拍照、上載、存檔。

There is an extensive collection of language activities in our blog for your child to practice writing, composition, colouring, and other language learning. We encourage you to capture something every day and save them to your child’s portfolio.

每隔一段日子和孩子一起回顧自己的檔案，絕對可以明顯地發現自己的進步，學習興趣和信心都必定會大增。

思展將逐步推出由專業教師「改卷及評語」，可以就孩子的書寫提供評語，供家長參考，協助孩子不斷進步。請密切留意詳情的公佈。

Browse through their portfolio with your child every now and then. Your child will discover how much they have progressed. They will feel proud of themselves and will naturally be eager to learn more.

We will provide “Marking and Comments” service by professional teachers, to provide comments on children’s reading and writing for parents’ reference. They will be helpful in you teaching your children. Please stay tune for announcements on details.

歡迎參閱以下有關書寫啟蒙的文章：
You might also be interested in the following articles on helping children to start writing：

Download Sagebooks APP on APP Store (iOS)

Download Sagebooks APP on Google Play (Android)

Related Books

我們會經常為大家探討漢字和語文的課題。
要是你有特別的相關課題希望我們探討，歡迎您告訴我們。

We discuss Chinese language and culture related topics on a regular basis.
If you would like us to discuss certain topics about Chinese, please let us know.

Sagebooks APP 五招提升語文學習 – 書寫篇