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A study of “de” 「的 / 得 / 地」的練習

A study of “de” 「的 / 得 / 地」的練習

希望我們在這裏分享的各種遊戲能帶給孩子學習的歡樂，也帶給你更多的家庭教學靈感。大家發到【講媽 ⦁ 講爸】Facebook 群組 的孩子學習照片為我們帶來很大的鼓舞。要是你還未加入我們的大家庭，那就要趕快去看看喔！

We hope you have been finding these activities and tips helpful and fun. We certainly have been enjoying your pictures and feedback in our Sagebooks HK Parent Support Facebook Group. If you haven’t checked us out there yet, please take a quick second to join!

「的 / 得 / 地」這三個助詞不但小朋友會混淆，甚至我們成人有時也會搞糊塗呢。因此我們特別設計了一些在家可玩的小遊戲，讓小朋友集中練習一下這三個常用的助詞。讓我們先來整理一下這三個助詞：「快樂地歌唱」、「快樂的歌聲」、「唱得很快樂」，完全地不一樣呢。

One of the hardest grammar concepts – even for native speakers, is when to use 的 / 地 / 得 as modifiers. When spoken, they all sound the same in some situations, and very similar in the others. In writing, they each have different uses. Understandably, it can get really confusing!

“Even native speakers mess this up” doesn’t sound like a valid reason for children living overseas not to learn the correct way. Rather, it’s something useful to teach your children if literacy and writing is important to you. Bonus: your kids will also learn parts of speech and it’s another way to reinforce Chinese grammar.

For a brief refresher, below are all the different kinds of “de”:

Overview & examples

Modifier
Explanation & Examples
的
Modifies nouns (person, place, or thing) 用於名詞，e.g.: 我的爸爸/ 他的書/ 北京的天氣
Modifies adjectives (colour, location) 用於形容詞，e.g.: 高高的山/ 紅色的花/ 前面的路牌/ 渴望的眼神
得
Modifies verbs (action, state, or occurrence) 一般用於動詞，e.g.: 走得快/ 笑得甜/ 看得入神
地
Modifies adjectives (phrase that modifies nouns) into adverbs (phrase that modifies verbs) 用於將形容詞轉變為副詞，e.g.: 快樂的歌聲＞快樂地歌唱 / 悄悄的心底話＞悄悄地說話 / 傷心的眼淚＞傷心地流淚

除了下面的遊戲活動，你也可以下載< 得 >字的練習紙集中學習。練習紙含有句子認讀和短句範例。

Apart from the activities listed below, you may also be interested in downloading the practice sheet of < 得 >, which contains 9 sentences for reading practice, and an extensive list of verbs and examples taken from the Basic Chinese 500 course.

Grammar - 得
下載練習紙(繁體)
Download Worksheet (TC)
Grammar - 得4
下载练习纸(简体)
Download Worksheet (SC)

ACTIVITY OF THE WEEK

下列四個遊戲主要是認字配對形式。

Most of these activities focus on matching and decoding which 的 / 得 / 地 belong to which situation.

ACTIVITIY 1 - 的 / 得 / 地 Picture Matching Activity
(age 3+, single/multiple player)
WHAT YOU NEED 道具
  • Study Card 閱讀練習卡
  • Sheets of paper 紙 (裁成大紙卡)
  • Pen/Pencil 筆
  • Various pictures of people, animals, objects, people/animals/objects doing things, adjectives 各種人物、動物、用具、動作…等的圖片
HOW TO MAKE 準備
  • Write 的 / 得 / 地 individually on multiple cards 將三個助詞分別各寫在幾張紙上
  • Print out or provide pictures (in books or magazines) of the various subjects 可列印各種圖片，或從雜誌剪下合用的圖片 
HOW TO PLAY 玩法
  1. 每人派發最少各一張「的 / 得 / 地」字卡
  2. 選一張圖片，請孩子配上一張「的 / 得 / 地」字卡
  3. 繼續遊戲，直到圖片用光為止
  1. Pass out at least one of each 的/ 得/ 地 card to every child.
  2. Choose a picture (or point to an object in your house, or act out a verb) and ask your child to choose which 的得地 card goes with the picture. Technically, there are no 地 included in the pictures but that’s ok.
  3. Continue until all pictures/examples are used.
ALTERNATIVE WAYS TO PLAY 玩法變化

視乎孩子的情況，你可以增加以下的活動：

Depending on the age of your child, you can increase or decrease the difficulty level of the activity by:

  1.  加入帶有形容的圖片，增加難度 (孩子需要慢慢才意適到圖片的重點在形容詞而不在物件或動作本身)
  2. 年幼的孩子可減少「的 / 得 / 地」字卡張數。
  1. Adding pictures of adjectives. This is harder because it takes a bit longer to realize the picture is referring to the adjective rather than the object or action.
  2. If your children are really young, you may want to remove 1-2 的 / 得 / 地.
ACTIVITIY 2 - 的/得/地 Matching Activity(A) 配對遊戲(A)
(age 3+, single/multiple player)
WHAT YOU NEED 道具
  • Sheets of paper 紙
  • Pen/Pencil 筆
HOW TO MAKE 準備
  • Write 的/ 得/ 地 individually on multiple cards 分別將「的 / 得 / 地」寫在多張紙卡上
HOW TO PLAY 玩法
  1. 將字卡洗均勻，字面向下放在地上 (或桌面)
  2. 第一位孩子翻兩張卡。如果成對，孩子可以取走。可選擇同一位孩子繼續，或輪到下一人
  3. 一直輪流玩，直到卡牌全部被取走
  1. Mix up the cards and place them face down on the floor.
  2. Have the first child flip over two cards. If they match, they keep the pair and can either go again or have the next child go.
  3. Take turns until all cards are paired.
ALTERNATIVE WAYS TO PLAY 玩法變化

視乎孩子的情況，你可以增加以下的活動：

Depending on the age of your child, you can increase or decrease the difficulty level of the activity by:

  1. 年幼的孩子可以每次只玩兩個助詞。
  1. If your children are really young, you may want to limit to 2 of the modifier at a time and leave the last one out.
ACTIVITIY 3 - 的/得/地 Matching Activity(B) 配對遊戲(B)
(age 5+, single/multiple player)
WHAT YOU NEED 道具
HOW TO MAKE 準備
  • Write 的得地 individually on multiple cards 分別將「的 / 得 / 地」寫在多張紙卡上
  • Also write many characters that are nouns, verbs, adjectives 在其他紙卡再寫上各種名詞、動詞、形容詞
HOW TO PLAY 玩法
  1. 將字卡洗均勻
  2. 每人派發最少各一張「的/ 得/ 地」字卡
  3. 翻開一張名詞、動詞、形容詞字卡，請孩子選配正確的「的 / 得 / 地」字卡
  1. Shuffle the character cards.
  2. Give each child at least one of each 的 / 得 / 地
  3. Flip over a character card and have each child choose which is the matching 的 / 得 / 地.
A study of “de” 「的 / 得 / 地」的練習 Act 3 b | Sagebook Hong Kong 思展圖書
ALTERNATIVE WAYS TO PLAY 玩法變化

視乎孩子的情況，你可以增加以下的活動：

Depending on the age of your child, you can increase or decrease the difficulty level of the activity by:

  1. 可以由你選一張「的/ 得/ 地」字卡，然後由孩子配上一張名詞、動詞、形容詞字卡
  2. 年幼的孩子可以從只配「的/ 得/ 地」字卡開始
  1. You can also swap which cards you shuffle (ie: use the 的 / 得 / 地 cards and have your child choose the matching characters)
  2. If your children are really young, instead of having them match 的 / 得 / 地 with the characters, you can use only 的 / 得 / 地
  3. You can also make it more difficult by writing out parts of speech instead of actual characters. (eg: 名詞、動詞、形容詞). However, adjectives can be tricky as it can be used with 的 or 地.
ACTIVITIY 4 - 的/得/地 identifying Activity 識別遊戲
(age 5+, single/multiple player)
WHAT YOU NEED 道具
  • Any book or essay 任何圖書
A study of “de” 「的 / 得 / 地」的練習 Act 4 b | Sagebook Hong Kong 思展圖書
HOW TO MAKE 準備
  • Write 的 / 得 / 地 on multiple cards 分別將「的 / 得 / 地」寫在多張紙卡上
HOW TO PLAY 玩法
  1. 和孩子一起看書，在書中任何一頁指出各個名詞、動詞、形容詞
  2. 請孩子拿出合適的「的/ 得/ 地」字卡配上
  1. Go through a random page in the book and start pointing out nouns, verbs, adjectives.
  2. Ask your child to put down which 的得地 that goes with the noun/verb/adjective.
ALTERNATIVE WAYS TO PLAY 玩法變化

視乎孩子的情況，你可以增加以下的活動：

Depending on the age of your child, you can increase or decrease the difficulty level of the activity by:

  1. 增加孩子對語法的認識，你可以問孩子你所指的字是哪種詞類 (名詞/動詞/形容詞)

  2. 你可以用計時器計時來增加難度（但這樣可能會減少趣味喲）

  1. First asking your child to identify whether the character you’re pointing out is a noun/verb/adjective.
  2. You can also add a timer to add some pressure (but this might not be fun).

我們希望能看到你的孩子做這些遊戲的照片或影片，也希望能聽到你的意見或提問。更歡迎加入我們的【講媽 ⦁ 講爸】Facebook 群組，我們等你喔~

We would love to hear your comments and see pictures of your kids doing the activities. Make sure you join our Sagebooks HK Parent Support Facebook Group and share with us!

HOMESCHOOLING TIPS

有時，事事都不容易。

生活，說起來其實不容易，而中文也並不容易學。有些字、有些課文可能超過了孩子目前的認知發展，令他學起來感到困難，即使一時間死記下去了，一下子又會忘記。

要是你在某一級卡住了「好久」，總是不進步，也千萬要有信心和耐性。孩子在大腦中正在形成各種印象的活動你是看不見的。往往在你不留神的那一下，他就會弄通記得了。沒有人能說那一刻會是甚麼時候，但可以肯定的是：絕對是很快的將來。

繼續向前吧。

Sometimes, it’s just hard.

We don’t mean that life can be hard (though, it certainly can be). Rather, we mean that sometimes, Chinese is just hard! The characters or lessons or sets can be difficult for your child’s current developmental level or can just be difficult in general.

Be patient even if it seems as if one set is taking months to go through. Your child is forming connections that you can’t see and eventually, it will pay off. You don’t know when – but it will.

Keep going.

Like this tip? Join us in our Facebook Group and meet other parents who are teaching their kids Basic Chinese 500 at all different ages and levels.

Related Books

Learn Chinese for beginners Sage Formula Basic Chinese 500
Basic Chinese 500 基礎漢字500
Treasure Box 寶貝盒
中文學習工具︱兒童學習中文教材︱思展圖書 03
Study Cards 閱讀練習卡
【遊戲認讀卡 Game Cards】 簡介｜漢字認讀和遊戲｜思展圖書
Game Cards 遊戲認讀卡
Idioms in Comic 成語漫畫
Bunny's Adventures 兔寶寶奇遇

我們會經常為大家探討漢字和語文的課題。
要是你有特別的相關課題希望我們探討，歡迎您告訴我們。

We discuss Chinese language and culture related topics on a regular basis.
If you would like us to discuss certain topics about Chinese, please let us know.

我想提問 I have a request
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Sagebooks Hongkong promotes independent reading and life-long learning by nurturing the child’s confidence, autonomy and self-teaching abilities. Since 2006. Find out more About Us.

© 2020 Sagebooks Hongkong. All rights reserved.

Sagebooks Hongkong promotes independent reading and life-long learning by nurturing the child’s confidence, autonomy and self-teaching abilities. Since 2006. Find out more About Us.

© 2020 Sagebooks Hongkong. All rights reserved.

Sagebooks Hongkong promotes independent reading and life-long learning by nurturing the child’s confidence, autonomy and self-teaching abilities. Since 2006. Find out more About Us.

© 2020 Sagebooks Hongkong. All rights reserved.